Usability of finding aids in the software of the National Library and Archives of Iran from the users' viewpoint of view

Authors

1 MA in Archival Studies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 PhD student of Information and Knowledge, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department Information and Knowledge, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Purpose: To measure the usability of finding aids in the form of search, author, topic and title fields in the software of National Library and Archives of Iran from the users' viewpoint of view.

Method and Research Design: The current descriptive research is practical in terms of purpose and has been carried out in a quasi-experimental manner. Data collection techniques included verbal reports (thinking aloud) and direct observation during tasks; a questionnaire was used to collect demographic information; the research community was formed by novice and expert users of the National Library and Archives. Users expressed their opinions after completing the tasks with a post-test survey.

Findings and Conclusion: The tools were more usable for expert users compared to novice users. Compared to expert users, novice users had more difficulty completing tasks due to a lack of familiarity with archive vocabulary and how to search in the software. About 60% of the participants easily completed the "search" and "author" fields. Although the most effective was related to the "author" field, its completion was unsuccessful among 10% of users. The lowest and highest time averages were related to the "Title" and "Subject" fields, respectively. Generally, the tools are usable for users and their usability can be increased through training and using the guide. At the time of data entry, terminology and user-friendliness of tools are important. Users perform their searches with usable finding aids and reduce the need for intermediaries.

Keywords

Main Subjects


English Translation of References
Books
FadaeiAraghi, Gholamreza. (1384/2005). “Modiriyat-e yādmāne-hā (Āršiv)” (Archives Management). Tehran: Dānešgāh-e Tehrān (University of Tehran). [Persian]
Sarmad, Zohreh; Bazargan, Abbas; & Hejazi, Elaheh. (1376/1997). “Raveš-hā-ye tahqiqdar ‘olum-e raftāri” (Research methods in behavioral sciences). Tehran: Āgah.[Persian]
Articles
Altman, Burt; &Nemmers, John R. (2001). “The usability of on-line archival resources: The Polaris Project Finding Aid”. The American Archivist, 64(1), pp. 121-131.
Asnafi, Amirreza. (1387/2008). “Qābeliyat-hā-ye narm-afzār-hā-ye jāme’-e ketābxāne-hā-ye Fvrsidarzamine-ye manābe’-e āršivi: Didgāh-hā-ye ketābdārānvaāršivist-hā” (The efficiency of Farsi integrated library softwares for managing archival resources: The viewpoints of librarians and archivists). Ganjine-ye Asnād, 18(1), pp. 91 – 105.[Persian]
Azizi, Gholamreza. (1394/2015). “Barresi-ye raftār-hā-ye ettelā’-yābi-ye mohaqqeqān-e morāje’e-konandeh be Āršiv-e Melli-ye Irān” (Information seeking behavior of researchers visiting National Archives of Iran). Ganjine-ye Asnād, 25(4), pp. 98 – 110.[Persian]
Casarosa, Vittore; Meghini, Carlo; Gardasevic, Stanislava. (2013). “Improving Online Access to Archival Data”. Part of The Communications in Computer and Information Science book series (CCIS, volume 354), pp 153-162.
Chapman, Joyce Celeste. (2010). “Observing users: An empirical analysis of user interaction with online finding aids”. Journal of Archival Organization, 8(1), pp. 4-30.
Charan, SHIV; &Sharma, Pinki. (2021). “Usability study of AbhilekhPatal, National Archives of India (NAI), India”. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, (47)2, pp. 1-7.
Duff, Wendy M; &Johnson, Catherine Anne. (2002). “Accidentally found on purpose: Information – seeking Behavior of Historians in Archives”. The Library Quarterly: Information, Community, Policy, 72(4), pp 472-496.
Freund, Luanne; &Toms, Elaine G. (2016). “Interacting with Archival Finding Aids”. Journal of The association for Information Science and Technology, 67(4), pp. 994-1008.
Jamal, Amr et al. (2021). “Usability analysis of a health sciences digital library by medical residents: Cross-sectional survey”. JMIR Publication, (5)6, pp. 1-10.
McGahee, Clayton. (2018). “Making special collections accessible to users: Finding aids”. International Journal of Legal Information, 46(1), pp. 31-38.
Najafgholinejad, Azam. (1401/2022). “Kārbord-paziri-ye ketābxāne-ye dijitāl-e Sāzmān-e AsnādvaKetābxāne-ye Melli-ye Irān bar asās-e tajrobe-ye kārbar” (Usability of the National Library and Archives of Iran (NLAI) digital library based on user experience). Motāle’āt-e KetābdārivaSāzmāndehi-ye Ettelā’āt (Librarianship and Information Organization Studies), 33(2), pp. 67 – 87.[Persian]
Nokarizi, Mohsen; &Abedini, Tayyebeh. (1391/2012). “Arzeš-yābi-ye kārbord-paziri-ye vebsāyt-e ketābxāne-hā-ye markazi-ye dānešgāh-hā-ye vābasteh be Vezārat-e ‘Olum, TahqiqātvaFannāvariaz did-e kārbarān” (Usability evaluation of the central library websites of the universities dominated by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology). Pažuheš-nāme-ye KetābdārivaEttelā’-resāni (Library and Information Science Research Journal), 2(1), pp. 153 – 174.[Persian]
Noushinfard, Fatemeh; & Ahmadi, Athareh. (1391/2013). “Barresi vaarzyābi-ye Rasā, narm-afzār-e jāme’-e ketābxāneh, markaz-e asnādvaaršivdarSāzmān-e AsnādvaKetābxāne-ye Melli-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irānazdidgāh-e kārbarān” (Evaluation of Rasa software in the National Library of the Islamic Republic of Iran). Nezām-hāvaXadamāt-e Ettelā’āti (Journal of Information Systems and Services), 2(1), pp. 13 – 26.[Persian]
Prom, Christopher J. (2004). “User interactions with electronic finding aids in a controlled setting”. The American Archivist, 67(2), pp. 234-268.
Rush, Michael; Holdzkom, Lynn; Backman, Prudence; Santamaria, Daniel A; &Leigh, Andrea. (2008). “Applying DACS to finding aids: Case studies from three diverse repositories”. The American Archivist, 71(1), pp. 210-227.
Soheili, Faramarz; Jasri, Sahar; Khaseh, Ali Akbar; &Danesh, Farshid. (1400/2021).  “Kārbord-paziri-ye vebsāyt-e mobāyli-ye ketābxāne-hā-ye dānešgāh-hā-ye bartar-e ‘olumpezeškidarIrān” (Usability of mobile website of the libraries of top medical sciences universities). Peyāvard-e Salāmat(Journal ofPayavard Salamat), 15(1), pp. 1 – 13.[Persian]
Walton, Rachel. (2017). “Looking for answers: A usability study of Online Finding Aid Navigation”. The American Archivist, 80(1), pp. 30-52.
Dissertations
AdabiFirouzjah, Hossein. (1390/2011). “Arzyābi-ye kārbord-paziri-ye ketābxāne-hā-ye dijitālidardānešgāh-hā-ye dowlati-ye šahr-e Tehrān” (Usability Evaluation of Digital Libraries in Tehran Governmental Universities). [Masters’ thesis, Library and information science]. Dānešgāh-e ĀllāmehTabātabāei (AllamehTabataba'i University), Dāneškade-ye ‘Olum-e TarbiativaRavānšenāsi (Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology).[Persian]
Fasig, Danielle L. (2013). “Usability evaluation of finding aids for archives”. Master’s dissertation. Chapel Hill, North Carolina.