سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121--یادداشت مدیر مسئول: برگزاری نخشتین همایش تاریخ شفاهی331686FAکیانوشکیانی هفت لنگJournal Article20041001سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121On the Oral Historyدرباره تاریخ شفاهی471687FAشفیقهنیک نفسJournal Article20041001<span>The oral history is an approach to understand history. The approach depends on interview witf people who have had an effective impact on history. In oral history the researcher puts his question before the interviewee accurately in order to get precise responses. He tries to recon struct people’s recollections through this approach. This method of research is a mixture o social and historical research methods. The hybrid approach is being used world-wide to collec data. Accordingly, national archives resort to such research methods as well. Like any othe research, Oral History faces various problems, such as subjective views in expressing historica events, blunders made during the interview by the Interviewee, and probably his meager physics condition. Due to those problems, historians tend to make criticism. Although, the critical points could be drawn forth, but one should bear in mind that no source is more peculiar than ora history, because in this area, the historian himself is present in generating a historical documen tary.</span>سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121Global Criteria On Oral Historyمعیارهای جهانی تاریخ شفاهی8151688FAابوالفضلحسن آبادی (مترجم)Journal Article20041001The International Society For Oral History was founded in 1967 to spread different features o Oral History and tended to create a concerting approach in the field by blanketing those univer sities and independent people who are working in Oral History. In this line, society of standards and guidelines, namely guidelines for apprasing Oral History was published in 1968, which has been edited several times, because of developments in the nature of oral history and the spirit o' time. The article is the latest text which has been appeared by the society in 2000 and the members are using it as a standard work method.انجمن جهانی تاریخ جهانی، درسال 1967 به منظور ترویج و گسترش ابعاد مختلف تاریخ شفاهی در جهان تاسیس گردید و سعی کرد با زیر پوشش قرار دادن تمامی موسسات، دانشگاه ها و افراد مستقل . که در زمینه تاریخ شفاهی کار میکنند. یک رویه واحد و مشخصی جهت یکسان سازی و هماهنگ سازی کار مراکز به وجود آورد . انجمن در همین راستا معیارها و رهنمود هائی با عنوان راهنمایی های ارزیابی تاریخ شفاهی، از سال 1968 منتشر نمود و آن را در چندین بار بنابر تغییرات صورت گرفته در ماهیت تاریخ شفاهی و شرایط خاص ، ویرایش و روزامد نموده است .متن حاضر اخرین متنی است که آن را انجمن در ستامبر سال 2000 منتشر کرده و تمامی اعضا به عنوان شیوه نامه کاری ، از آن استفاده میکنند.سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121Re-reading a Unique Decree from Qajar Era (...) , Adorned with seals, named after infallible household of the Prophet of Islamبازخوانی فرمانی منحصر به فرد از عهد قاجار (1293 ق.) « ممهور به مهرهایی مزین به نام چهارده معصوم (ع)»16261689FAمحسنروستاییJournal Article20041001Methodology of Qajar decrees, forms a lion share in records’ research, and admittedly without knowing and using components and concepts such as: records’ reading literature and record logy. It’s not possible to re-read the records and bring into light words, contents, as well as physical and artistic features of the Qajar decrees. Thus, utilizing the dependent fields, the author intends to introduce and analyze unique decrees in the history of Iran, especially Qajar period. The decree has been written by Fathali Shah Qajar, to appoint Sultan Ahmad Mirza, Azadol dowle to Sar-kishik-chi-bashi, a then army post. The special feature in the seals is the shape of them, festooned by the names of imams, from infallible household of Prophet Mohammad, Peace On Him, which decorated the upper part of the decree. In addition to re-reading the decree, the author has described and analyzed different historical aspects, and kept track on several hypotheses about record logy. Referring to sufficient reasons, and has attempted to prove them. The author, for instance, believes that the seals of the decree form a unique collection, which has never been seen in Iran's history. It might be possible, according to the current evidence that Fathali Shah’s secretary, Neshat Esfahani took the duty of artistic inscription of the decree. In the article, the readers and historical records’ researchers will get familiar with several documents, as well as the views of the author about seals, Toqra*, biographies and autobiographies, state posts, and so forth in the decrees of the period. Indeed, the article will reveal new findings about record logy and respective historical issues.سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121From Traditional Herbalists to 1st European Pharmacistاز عطار و عطاری تا استخدام اولین داروساز اروپایی در سال 1268 ق./1851 م و پایه گذاری داروسازی نوین27351690FAاحمدهاشمیانJournal Article20041001The article reviews the history of drug and drug manufacturing in Iran, which goes back to ancient time, and digs into famous doctors’ lives and their works in different epochs of pharmacology and pharmaceutical industry. However, the focal point in the article is mainly on herbalists and pharmacists in Qajar and Pahlavi eras, after inauguration of Dar al-Fonoun School, and emerging modern approaches in the field. Italian doctor Facetti’s trip to Iran, as a physics, chemistry, and pharmacology professor in Dar al-Fonoun, as well as other European teachers’ admission to Iranian schools, gradually familiarized Iranian society with European drugs and modern pharmacies. French doctor Moulien was another European pharmacist, who taught medicine in Dar al-Fonoun, and founded a modern pharmacy in Lale-zar St. in Tehran afterwards. Then, arranging and announcing a charter on selling drugs in Iran, was a fruitful step in promotion of pharmacology and rule-abiding activities of the pharmacists and drug-manufacturers. Little by little, more pharmacies were founded in the Iranian capital, Tehran and other cities, the most famous of which belonged to Europeans. But (n Qajar and first Pahlavi king tenures; as soon as Iranian doctors became familiar with the science, Iranian pharmacists inaugurated pharmacies as well. The author completes his article with introducing newly-founded pharmacies in Iran, such as Shourin, Dr. Nezami, round the clock Sepah pharmacy and so forth, However, even after Tehran University being established, one might still run into traditional herbalists, who were contributing to the medical science and curing patients, even in the contemporary period...سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121An Overview of Charitable Measures in Qazvin, Qajar Eraنگاهی به وضعیت امور خیریه قزوین در عصر قاجار36581691FAالهامملک زادهJournal Article20041001<span>As a commercial, political, and social crossroad in Iran, under Qajar’s region, in the author’s eyes, Qazvin could be chosen as an axis of charitable actions. In the article, due to the cities’ significance, I have studied political and social circumstances, including the outbreak of famine and epidemics, and the measures, took to encounter such calamities. Accordingly, the article depicts the post World War 1 situation, and describes about benevolent acts, e.g. in Amini Charity.</span>سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121--نگاهی به جنبش جنگل در بستر تحولات ملی - منطقه ای59611692FAروبرتواهانیانJournal Article20041001سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121Correspondence Guidance Office or the Centre for Monitoring the Press Censure in Reza Shah Tenureاداره راهنمای نامه نگاری یا نظارت بر سانسور مطبوعات در عصر رضا شاه62931693FAعلیکریمیانJournal Article20041001After 1921 coup by Reza Shah in Iran, the press were under immense pressure by the government, and were monitored and guided by the then army, A nine-article declaration, which was released soon after the coup d’etat, revealed the political prospect and power circle in Iran. The declaration addressed the press with the following tone: <br />‘The entire papers are banned before the government is shuffled, and will re-appear in terms of a subsequent decree and permission.” Thereafter, the police held contents of the press in check, especially when Rokn al Din Mokhtar commandeered the force. He set up, namely Correspondence Guidance Office in the Ministry of Interior, aimed to monitor the press, according to its charter. Editor of “Rouge Shafagh" Daily. Ali Dashti, headed the office, after he was freed from a detention in 1938. The Correspondence Guidance Office remained active three years later until 1941, and based on table of contents in this article, under horrific pressings of the Office, the papers and periodicals tumbled down to 49 titles in Iran. The author studies the establishment and performance of Correspondence Guidance Office at the same timeسازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121A Research on the First Charter for Iran’s Carpet- weavers Labor Union, Kerman Cityنقد و نظری بر اولین نظامنامه های کارگری قالیبافان ایران (کرمان)941031694FAعلیططریJournal Article20041001<span>In the late 19th century and early in 20th century, carpet-weavers’ issue became important in Iran’s history, because the first labor union charter in [ran was drawn up at the time, and owing to ever increasing number of industrial workers. There are myriads of precious records in the</span><span>Parliament’s library, which explain the cycles of developments of the charters in the region. The above records encompass letters and telegraphs, which have been exchanged between international organizations, Prince Arfa'a al-Dowleh, National Parliament, the then foreign ministry of Iran and governor of Kerman. The subject of these letters, includes working conditions in Kerman, highlighting bad conditions for Kerman workers. Miserable workshops, as well as the degree of importance, given by the government to the laborers. Thus, the author has studied the records due to their prime importance.</span>سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121Int’l Children’s Day (1959-1980)روز جهانی کودک (1358-13338 ش)1041161695FAپیمانهصالحی فشمیJournal Article20041001<span>In recent years, 17th of the Iranian month of Mehr has been named as Int’l Children’s Day, due to a United Nations’ request from world governments in 1959 to commemorate Children’s Day on Nov. 29th, specifically emphasizing on promotion of convention of children’s rights. Among organizations, which are fighting for children’s rights, UN affiliated UNICEF has earned special status. Therefore, the author introduces the organization first, and brings forth the history of Int’l Children’s Day. Then, using records, she gives a precedent of the Day and its importance between 1959-1980 in Iran.</span>سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121Some Thoughts on Appraisal Terminologyنظراتی در مورد واژه نامه تخصصی ارزشیابی اسناد1171201696FAبوجورنلیند؛ نسرین بابایی(مترجم)Journal Article20041001<span>Appraisal and disposition have been studied according to Archives terminology and definitions given by American archives and International Standards for Archives Description. We have given examples from French, German, and Scandinavian languages to make the subject clear.</span>سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121An Analytic Survey on Independent Commonwealth States’ archival issues(Last in the series)کلیات بررسی تحلیلی مسائل آرشیوی کشورهای مستقل مشترک المنافع (قسمت آخر)1211221697FAن.ماندریواا.ل.سولومیناا.ن.ساخاروواالف.و.پانوواو.و.اولوسکایاو.گ.لارینال.ا.بلیانینا؛ن.ا.زوروا؛ابوالفضل کیانی بختیاری(مترجم)Journal Article20041001<span>In 1998, International Council on Archives became resolute to start a database on archival issues in Commonwealth states, and provided respective mechanisms. The authorities drew up a comprehensive questionnaire and began to collect data from ten Commonwealth states. The result of the experience and analyzing the data was compiled in an English book, “A Survey on Archival Issues in Commonwealth States”, chapters of which, have been appearing in each sequence of our quarterly, Ganjineh Asnad. In this sequence, the reader is presented with the final chapter, Establishing, and Developing a Search System for Records in State Archives</span>سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121--معرفی کتاب1231241698FAJournal Article20041001سازمان اسناد و کتابخانۀ ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکدۀ اسنادگنجینۀ اسناد1023-365214320041121--اهداگر سند1251271699FAJournal Article20041001